[icon ] blenderdumbass . org [icon scene] Articles

Paying With Freedom

January 06, 2023

👁 36

https://blenderdumbass.org/petitions/release:_dani_s_race_v2025-01-19 : 👁 1
https://blenderdumbass.org/search?text=murder&fc=on&title=on&post=on&description=on&comments=on&tags=on : 👁 1
https://blenderdumbass.org/articles/we_have_to_solve_the_money_problem_ : 👁 1
https://blenderdumbass.org/articles/never_trust_proprietary_software_with_security : 👁 1

[avatar]by Blender Dumbass

Aka: J.Y. Amihud. A Jewish by blood, multifaceted artist with experience in film-making, visual effects, programming, game development, music and more. A philosopher at heart. An activist for freedom and privacy. Anti-Paternalist. A user of Libre Software. Speaking at least 3 human languages. The writer and director of the 2023 film "Moria's Race" and the lead developer of it's game sequel "Dani's Race".


From 3 years ago.
Information or opinions might not be up to date.


21 Minute Read



"Your honor..." - said the lawyer, standing in a court, which was being broadcast on a screen in the living-room of Mr. Hambleton's house - "...there is no denying that my client is guilty in the murders of all of those people that were mentioned in the case so far. The evidence provided by the police are undeniable. The jury would also agree that the fact that my client did commit all those murders are beyond reasonable doubt. And my client doesn't try to conceal this fact either. Right?" - the lawyer looked at the cage standing in the corner of the court room. There was sitting a man. He had chains all over him. Two policemen were guarding the cage itself. The man looked up, exchanged a stare of understanding with the lawyer and said - "I did commit those murders, sir." ↩ Reply

The jury were confused. They whispered among themselves. They didn't understand what was going on. But the air in the court was filled with tension. So was the living-room of Mr. Hambleton where he, Sheiny, Chloe and Mendel stood unable to understand the direction of the lawyers thoughts. The lawyer paused for just a little bit to arouse this very tension. He looked at the judge observing the right micro-signals in his expression that would direct him forward in his attempt. ↩ Reply

Suddenly the lawyer spoke - "But there was one thing overlooked in this entire hearing. Something that was not mentioned from any one of the sides because it seemed even to me to have nothing to do with the case at all. It is known that my client did a lot of charity. He spent a lot of money to various charities..." ↩ Reply

"Objection!" - voiced a lawyer from the side of the police. "Objection denied!" - said the judge indifferently. This made the two lawyers look at each other with piercing looks. While the lawyer from the side of the police tried to understand what kind of black-magic his colleague is trying to use against the judge. ↩ Reply

The lawyer continued - "Our system of law is based on justice. Criminals get punished. But who are criminals? Those acting unjust." ↩ Reply

"Those having too much power!" - screamed Sheiny at the screen. ↩ Reply

"It would be unjust, for example, taking something from the store without paying for it. A law obeying citizen would pay an equal price to the store owner for an item they took from it. This is justice." - said the lawyer. "Get to the point!" - said the judge. ↩ Reply

"It was overlooked, but now I see it clearly. If we look at the dates of the murders. And the dates of my client's various charities. We can see that those closely correlate. We know from the reports of the psychologist that looked at my client's case that my client is not at liberty to choose or not to choose to kill. He must kill. It's just something his brain has to do no matter what. But this abnormality goes against his otherwise kind character. Your honor. As far as I can understand the charities that my client did on the same days as the murders are compensations to the society for what my client took from it. And drawing similarities with the analogy of a store: These charities render my client completely just." ↩ Reply

The jury started taking among themselves. The judge looked at the lawyer as if a school-teacher looking at a particularly snarky student. The judge opened his mouth to talk. And exactly at that moment inside of his mouth appeared a rotating circular thingy that tells the user that the video is loading. Mr. Hambleton, Sheiny, Chloe and Mendel looked at this rather boring image for quite a few seconds before Sheiny said - "Seems like the internet is cut off.". ↩ Reply

All of them were quite interested to hear the verdict of the judge. But Mr. Hambleton being a complete imbecile forgot to pay the bills. And so they didn't have internet anymore. All they could do is to speculate on the verdict of the judge. And since non of them thought to connect any of their phones to keep watching the video, they decided to talk about it for some time. But first I want to tell you something unrelated to the story at hand. ↩ Reply

↩ Reply

[embedded image]


Moria's Race project is confidently marching forward with a steady pace. Didn't cripple the project even the larger amount of highly technical shots that I decided to make for it. Something that would most definitely cripple a production of something like I'm Not Even Human. ↩ Reply

[embedded image]


There was a shot, for example, where Moria drives her car out of the water. It required a full water simulation. But the water visible in the shot spends quite a distance. Meaning I would either simulate the whole ocean just to get small interactions near the camera, or I would get smart about it. Good I had brains and made a shot a lot smarter. Bad you probably weren't there to see me do it. If I remember correctly for the last some time, there were nobody who watched my live streams except of @Codes4Fun:c . ↩ Reply

Which bring me to... ↩ Reply

... COME TO THE LIVESTREAM !!! ...


↩ Reply

Click on my dumb face to get to the livestream ↩ Reply


[embedded image]


↩ Reply

"He will go to prison." - said Mr. Hambleton. Mendel nodded and said - "Yes! I agree. The judge is not that dumb.". Chloe said - "Well, it'd be interesting if the guy won.". Sheiny stood there silent for some time. She thought about it. ↩ Reply

"I don't think that the judge is not that dumb, to be honest." - she said finally. ↩ Reply

"Why?" - asked Mendel. ↩ Reply

"Because he was given an objection from the other lawyer, when that one understood that charities have nothing to do with murders. But he silenced him anyway. Perhaps the judge is that dumb." ↩ Reply

"Yeah, but he is not dumb enough to let him go based on that stupid trick. This is way beyond any common sense." ↩ Reply

"Are you sure?" - said Sheiny and thought about how to connect her thoughts into a cohesive stream of words that could describe her point of view - "Ham, do you remember when you tried to convince kids at school to use NewPipe instead of YouTube?". ↩ Reply

Mr. Hambleton reacted with cringe on his face as he said - "That was embarrassing." ↩ Reply

"What was the main argument kids gave for using the official app?" ↩ Reply

Mr. Hambleton thought for a moment - "I don't know... Ah... Hm... Something to do with it being not piracy... Or... Hm.. Something like, this other app could have viruses...". ↩ Reply

Sheiny shook her head and extended her hand forward to shut Mr. Hambleton up. She said - "It was something like: Since YouTube provides a service, it's fine that they want our private data. Because this is how they want to be paid with.". Mr. Hambleton, being a more versed Free Software activist made a thoughtful "Hmm" sound, while Mendel, being less versed with these matters, lowered his eyebrows with confusion. He asked - "But where is the connection between the two?". ↩ Reply

"Oh..." - started Sheiny - "It's simple. Both the killer and YouTube makes a kind of atrocity. Different ones. With different levels of severity. YouTube, for example, collects personal information, undermines peoples privacy. The killer kills people. But both give back something of value to justify their atrocities. For YouTube it's the service. And for the killer it's the charities. The point that I'm trying to make, that these services do not change the fact that the atrocities still happened. But..." ↩ Reply

"So the killer being bad is bad?" - asked Chloe cutting Sheiny off. ↩ Reply

"Of course he is bad." - said Mendel. ↩ Reply

"I hoped the killer would actually be justified like this. Because, we do something illegal. And I hoped... You know... Well... I hoped charities would be a way out of it" - said Chloe realizing that she probably said something stupid without knowing what it was. ↩ Reply

"Illegal doesn't mean bad!" - said Mr. Hambleton. ↩ Reply

"Yeah, yeah... You'll be the one to say that." - said Mendel with a disgust on his face. ↩ Reply

"I don't think good and bad is a right metric" - said Sheiny - "Also I don't think that the metric of justice is a good metric also. It lets dumb arguments like the one we just heard be possible. And I'm trying to say that, according to the YouTube analogy, people are actually stupid enough to buy what that lawyer was arguing for." ↩ Reply

Mendel looked at Sheiny with half-confusion - "But justice is the cornerstone of law, isn't it?". ↩ Reply

Sheiny took her phone out and looked up the declaration of independence of the united states. She started reading - "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights governments are instituted among men... and so on an so forth. These are words from the declaration of the independence. The law was not build on justice. It was build to support Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. Therefor killing, or taking away life is illegal. Slavery, or taking away liberty is illegal..." ↩ Reply

"Slavery was legal during the times it was written" - said Mr. Hambleton. ↩ Reply

"It was since people found loopholes in the text of law. And it was since people at that time rarely saw slaves as equal to all other humans. Since they didn't even see them as humans." - said Sheiny - "Look how people knew somebody was a slave... It was based on the color of the skin. A difference in appearance. They looked different enough to the people that racism and slavery was justified as we today justify owning pets." ↩ Reply

"So black people are not human?" - said Chloe foolishly. ↩ Reply

"No!" - exclaimed Sheiny - "That's not what I was trying to say. I wasn't even talking about slavery. I was describing the reason for law to exist. Later, after it was written, a different set of people realized that black people were in fact people too. And adjusted the constitution to include them. But the original merit on which they justified this adjustment was based on the initial wordings I just read to you. If Jefferson didn't write the declaration the way he did, Lincoln would not have as much of a compelling argument to stop slavery." ↩ Reply

"How do you know so much?" - asked Mendel. ↩ Reply

Sheiny pointed at a shelf - "See these? Those are called books. Ask Mr. Hambleton, he would lend you a few." ↩ Reply

"But then it would be that Mendel didn't pay for them." - said Chloe, irritating Sheiny even more - "Didn't you hear what the lawyer said? It's justified to take something only if you pay for it." ↩ Reply

Sheiny a got a bit angry - "That is the thing that I'm debunking right now. He claims that the law is based on justice. I claim, using the declaration, that it's based on freedom. Or as Mr. Jefferson says liberty." ↩ Reply

Chloe made a face that communicated slight confusion but a lot of interest. This kind of face when a person is listening closer to what the other wants to say. She did it as if saying - "Go on." ↩ Reply

Sheiny breathed in and said - "Why I claim that YouTube committed an atrocity by undermining people's privacy?" ↩ Reply

"I don't know." - said Chloe. ↩ Reply

"Because you don't want to be found out?" - said Mendel. ↩ Reply

"Because privacy is an inherent part of freedom, of liberty." - said Mr. Hambleton. ↩ Reply

"Exactly!" - said Sheiny - "Freedom is a right to control certain things. Like to control myself. And things that are mine. Including my personal information." ↩ Reply

"Wait, wait wait..." - Mendel got confused - "Isn't privacy like, when people don't know nothing about you?" ↩ Reply

"This is anonymity." - said Mr. Hambleton. ↩ Reply

"What's the difference?" - asked Mendel. ↩ Reply

"Well, if you are anonymous nothing about you is known. But with privacy..." - Mr. Hambleton was cut off by Mendel - "So privacy is like anonymity light?". ↩ Reply

"No!" - Mr. Hambleton got confused by Mendel's stupidity. ↩ Reply

"Privacy is a right to control information about yourself." - said Sheiny- "You may tell something to somebody you choose. You may tell everything about yourself to everyone. Or you may tell nothing. Privacy is the freedom to do that. If people had enforced anonymity that would not be privacy since they would not be able to tell things about themselves to other people if they wanted to.". ↩ Reply

"Oh... okay... okay... Let me see if I get it right..." - said Mendel putting his hands forward in a smart manner - "Anonymity is an end, privacy is a mean to get it.". ↩ Reply

"Yes!" - said Mr. Hambleton. ↩ Reply

"Well, more like..." - disagreed Sheiny - "If anonymity is an end, privacy is a mean to get it." ↩ Reply

"Aha!" - said Mendel - "Well okay." ↩ Reply

"So if I take your privacy I take part of your freedom. Which the law was originally meant to protect. Right?" - asked Sheiny. ↩ Reply

"Right!" - everybody else answered. ↩ Reply

"Chloe come here." - said Sheiny pointing to the floor right next to herself. Chloe obeyed. Sheiny pushed her and Chloe fell on a couch. ↩ Reply

"I just took Chloe's freedom." - said Sheiny. ↩ Reply

"You pushed me!" - said confused Chloe. ↩ Reply

"Yes I did!" - Sheiny confirmed - "I pushed you. And you may have wanted me to push you or not. I didn't know and I didn't ask. So to push you was something not very right. Sorry, by the way. If we would agree that it's okay for me to push you. That would be consent. And that would be okay. But I did it without your consent. Therefor I took your freedom, therefor it's not okay." ↩ Reply

"But..." - murmured Chloe thinking heavily - "... but... If you can't push me, I took your freedom to push me. Didn't I? Like using law or whatever..." ↩ Reply

"You are talking about Power, not freedom." ↩ Reply

"Power like in strength?" ↩ Reply

"No, power like in being able to control somebody else." ↩ Reply

Mr. Hambleton shook his head - "There is a... two types of control. Freedom and Power. One is about one self. The other is about the other." ↩ Reply

"One is about the self other and the other is about the other another?" - joked Mendel. ↩ Reply

"When I pushed her" - said Sheiny - "I had power over her. It was not freedom. There is no such thing as freedom to push her. It makes no sense in English". ↩ Reply

"Sounds completely reasonable: Freedom to push her." - said Mendel. ↩ Reply

"Aaaaaaah!" - exclaimed Sheiny throwing herself down to the sofa besides Chloe. She breathed hard. Made a bitter face and thought for a little bit. ↩ Reply

"Perhaps you understand the words a bit differently." - proposed Mr. Hambleton. ↩ Reply

"Well, how can we even speak then if we have different meanings for words?" - asked Sheiny angrily - "I want you to agree on a particular definition of the word freedom so I could make my argument. And you keep giving the word a different definition. Therefor making it hard for me to speak!" ↩ Reply

Mendel sat down besides Sheiny in an attempt to calm her down. He put his hand in a smart manner and calmly asked - "Alright, how do you want to define the word freedom?". ↩ Reply

Sheiny looked at him, half angry, half happily, and then defined the word freedom in the following way - "Control over one self and things belonging to one self. And that's it." ↩ Reply

Mendel though about it - "Okay, with this definition Freedom to push her makes no sense. Okay. So then Power is any control that exceeds freedom?" ↩ Reply

"Something like that..." - said Sheiny tiredly. ↩ Reply

Mr. Hambleton came closer and started talking to Mendel - "Mendel, when you use YouTube, they collect data about you and then they are to decide who they give it to or who they don't give it to. It's like giving somebody your stuff. And they now decide who they give it to or who they don't give it to. Sometimes you don't want certain people to know about you certain things. And therefor it's bad not to have the control." ↩ Reply

Mendel smiled - "Poker!" - he said - "It's like Poker!" ↩ Reply

"What?" - asked Mr. Hambleton. And while it was happening Sheiny looked at Mendel and Mr. Hambleton. She lighted up with new enthusiasm for the topic at hand. "Of course..." - she said - "Poker! In the game of Poker you have to conceal your cards from the opponents. And skilled players should master they face very well so not to give out even the slightest hints to the opposing players." ↩ Reply

"Oh yes!" - said Mr. Hambleton - "People who are good at Poker are good at business. Since those people can conceal their whatever problems they have from the other businessman." ↩ Reply

"Imagine they didn't have that ability." - said Sheiny - "I heard Microsoft is developing something to sell to businessmen like, real time analytics of their colleagues of like minute data about them using facial expression when they are looking at various things. This is why they require an HD webcam in the new Windows." ↩ Reply

Meanwhile they were talking Chloe disappeared. She sneaked out of the sofa and went somewhere. ↩ Reply

"Oh that's dicky!" - said Mendel - "I do hate Microsoft!" ↩ Reply

Mr. Hambleton smiled to himself - "Hm..." - he said - "We were talking about whether the judge was going to let the guy go. If this is the same kind of judge that justifies spying on people as a kind of compensation for a service. Now I see what you mean, Sheiny, this guy might actually go free in today's world. I hope that the law will return to be based on the declaration's means of giving people freedom. But it seems like we diverged from the path so much that now it's about something completely irrational. So many freedom things are banned because of safety. So many freedoms are taken away because of justice, or something resembling justice to a few people who want to see everything their own. It's kind of sad." ↩ Reply

Sheiny, Mendel and Mr. Hambleton sat there on the sofa suddenly sad. Realizing that they live in an insane society based on values that make no real sense. All three of them got bitterly sad faces and all three of them sighed heavily in the same time. ↩ Reply

"I got it!" - said Chloe from behind. Everybody looked around. She stood there with her phone in her hand looking at it. Then she pointed with her finger to the screen on the other side of the room. There the rotating circular thingy kept rotating in the mouth of the judge. Suddenly though the circle disappeared and the video continued. The judge didn't say anything. He just took a deep breath with his mouth and sat there thinking for a little bit. Chloe said - "Wifi hot-spot from the phone." - with a self satisfied face. Everybody else facepalmed themselves for how obvious this solution was. And how non of them actually thought about it. Suddenly the judge started talking. ↩ Reply

He said - "We and all of the people in our society appreciate your clients gifts in forms of the charities. But they are gifts. And no more than that. The constitution was build on the premises of human liberty and the fundamental human rights, among which there is a right to live. Taking live from a human being is an inherent violation to this right and it does not come with a price tag. Therefor I would conclude this hearing with a verdict. One life-time imprisonment for every life taken by your client. Thank you very much." - the judge struck his hammer indifferently and the video ended. ↩ Reply

Happy Hacking! ↩ Reply


[embedded image]


[embedded image]


↩ Reply

↩ Reply

↩ Reply






[icon unlike] 0
[icon left]
[icon right]
[icon terminal]
[icon markdown]

Find this post on Mastodon

[icon question]








[icon articles]The Cult Of Safety

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 193 💬 9



On GNU's website under "Malware", the page lists 19 types of malware. Each in one way or another hinders freedom of the user. Only one of those is "Surveillance". Yet the vast majority of Free Software advocacy focuses only and primarily just on Surveillance. It seems like we are losing our goal.


#Safety #Privacy #FreeSoftware #Philosophy #Freedom #Paternalism


[icon reviews]Domino 2005 is Tony-Scott-hem!

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 11 💬 1



Tony Scott appeared to be trying to outgrow Michael Bay in the 2000s. In 2001 he does Spy Game which is a kind of slightly bayhem-ish movie. Where Tony Scott is no longer trying to make pretty pictures, but is trying to go for ultimate intensity. His Enemy of the State before that, is still more of a classic Tony Scott. While making Spy Game his brother Ridley Scott was making Black Hawk Down while Michael Bay was making Pearl Harbor. While Pearl Harbor has the Bay's explosions and stuff, the colors of the film still look relatively normal. Only his next film ( 2003 Bay Boys II ) go crazy with colors. Spy Game, while being more energetic in directing and editing department, than even Enemy of the State still looks like a normal movie, albeit it is a little desaturated. But Black Hawk Down ( probably in attempt of messing with Spielberg's Saving Private Ryan ) is super moody, with extreme contrast and intense colors. A thing that Michael Bay tries to replicate right away for Bad Boys II and then Tony Scott also replicated for Man on Fire in 2004. And then on Domino in 2005, Tony Scott goes even harder with the style. While Bay is doing roughly the same thing in his own way in The Island.


#Domino #TonyScott #MichaelBay #movies #film #review #cinemastodon


[icon articles]Paternalistic Laws Make Very Little Sense

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 44



There are 3 types of laws: Freedom laws; Power laws and Paternalism laws. Freedom laws are those laws we actually like. Free Speech and things like that are all freedom laws. Some freedom laws are less obvious than others. But if the law makes your freedom stronger, it is a freedom law. Power laws are similar. Some people confuse power laws with freedom laws. Power laws are those that give people power. Most obvious examples are laws about censorship. Or laws that state that you can't criticize the government, some countries have that. Those give power to the government over the people. Power laws are any laws that give anybody power. Taking away somebodies else freedom in the process. But then there are paternalism laws.


[icon reviews]Baby Driver

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 117 💬 11



If you expect Baby Driver to be anything like Hot Fuzz. Don't! If you expect Baby Driver to be anything like Scott Pilgrim Vs The World. Don't! If you expect Baby Driver to be anything like Last Night In Soho. Don't! The director of Baby Driver, Edgar Wright set for himself a challenge to make every next movie he does in a different genre. Therefor you get absolutely different effects from his movies. Even though there are obvious Edgar Wright tropes in every one of his movies.


[icon reviews]Barbie

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 50



I was not sure if I wanted to see Barbie. I certainly didn't want to see it together with Oppenheimer. But the funny thing is, I still didn't review Oppenheimer, while here I am reviewing Barbie. I think I have the same reason here as with Nope as of why I avoided it. You know Nope was directed by a black man. And it was one of its main selling points. Barbie is directed by a woman. And everybody is talking about it. And it feels forced to watch a movie for that kind of reason. So I avoided Barbie until now. But since I had a Ryan Gosling marathon, I though that I might as well get into this film. And oh my god. I have thoughts!


[icon reviews]A Sacrifice 2025 is a bit amateurish

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 7 💬 1



Ridley Scott has a full family of filmmakers. His brother Tony Scott is a legend. But Ridley also has kids. His son Jake Scott is a bad ass music video director that started already branching out into feature films. Luke Scott directed a cool little 2016 sci-fi horror film Morgan. And was a second unit director on a lot of recent Ridley Scott films. And then there is Jordan Scott, Ridley's daughter that wrote and directed the 2025 thriller A Sacrifice.


#ASacrifice #JordanScott #EricBana #film #review #movies #cinemastodon


[icon reviews]Transformers 4 is a ballsy brave film

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 38



So here is a movie from Paramount Pictures that was executive produced by Steven Spielberg with Stanley Tucci playing a villain and Mark Wahlberg playing a dad of a teenage girl. The movie touches on very hard emotional topics of sexual abuse and age discrimination. And Peter Jackson does a very good job... Oh... wait... it's not The Lovely Bones... ah... yeah... so... Transformers: Age of Extinction!!!


#transformers #MichaelBay #film #review #movies #cinemastodon #MarkWahlberg #StanleyTucci #VFX #CGI


[icon articles]AI The Intellectual Laziness Of Humans


[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 46



Artificial Intelligence - the last frontier of the electronics. An invention that will alter the course of evolution. For the last few billion years humans slowly evolved an organ that gave us superiority among the animal kingdom. The brain. A machine of logic, reason, curiosity and knowledge. It brought with it civilization. Before there was any civilization people would mindlessly do nothing unless afraid, hungry or horny. Every other animal today just chills most of the time. They don't have jobs. They don't have art. They don't have laws or social responsibilities. Animals are lazy. And humans are not particularly that different from other animals. Since the dawn of civilization we fought against social responsibilities. We fought against hard labor. We fought for our right to do nothing and chill all day long. We invented machine after machine. We replaced hard labor of almost every kind and all due to our superior brain. Until we reached a point where we took it upon ourselves to replace the brain too.


[icon reviews]The Killer

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 60



I miss the times when you could see a David Fincher movie in the cinema. The last time he made a true cinema picture was almost 10 years ago in 2014. Since then he fully embraced the DRM filled streaming dis-service models. And his latest film The Killer is a straight to Netflix production. And it seems like he himself feels a bit off about it. Because if we take the character as a proxy for Fincher himself. This character is complex in how much he tries to justify himself being a terrible person.


[icon reviews]Eyes Wide Shut

[thumbnail]

[avatar]  Blender Dumbass

👁 46



Fuck! What a great ending of a great director's filmography. Eyes Wide Shut 1999 was the last film directed by Stanley Kubrick, who died towards the end of post-production of this movie. There are rumors that Stanley Kubrick's death is related to the content of this film. And that somebody wasn't very happy with what he did. At that time Stanley Kubrick had the final cut rights at Warner Bros. Meaning that he would be the person that approves the movie that will be shown to the audience. There was a story of somebody overhearing yells at Stanley Kubrick that he can't show that stuff from one of the executives on the movie. And 6 days later Kubrick was dead. Perhaps just a conspiracy theory. But considering what the movie is about, there might be something to those theories.


[icon codeberg] Powered with BDServer [icon python] Plugins [icon theme] Themes [icon analytics] Analytics [icon email] Contact [icon mastodon] Mastodon
[icon unlock]